certified lower bound · dashed curve
Steiner-system sparse-paving extensions
Sparse-paving matroids from Steiner systems give nonuniform 2-design bases and distinguished-pair values approaching \(\frac43\).
Construction
Take the blocks of a Steiner system \(S(r-1,r,n)\) as the circuit-hyperplanes of a rank-\(r\) sparse-paving matroid \(M_{r,n}\), then form \(P_{r,n}=(M_{r,n}\oplus M_{r,n})+e\times f\). The plotted series use Steiner triple and quadruple systems, whose admissible orders are explicit.
What the curve shows
For fixed \(r\), the formula tends to \(4r/(3r+1)\) as \(n\to\infty\); those limits tend to \(\frac43\) as \(r\to\infty\). Keevash's design-existence theorem supplies the general fixed-rank families at all sufficiently large admissible orders.
Proof status
The adjacent-rank counts prove the displayed pair value exactly; full maximization remains open. Full proof on the mathematics page →
AI disclosure
Chris Eur used ChatGPT 5.6 Sol Max on Codex as a mathematical exploration and formula-checking aid while identifying the family, beginning with Steiner triples. A public chat link is not currently recorded.
Plotted members
S(2,3,n) (23 plotted members)
| parameter | |E| | rank | Ref | ≈ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 7 | 16 | 7 | 10/9 | 1.11111 |
| n = 9 | 20 | 7 | 42/37 | 1.13514 |
| n = 13 | 28 | 7 | 22/19 | 1.15789 |
| n = 15 | 32 | 7 | 78/67 | 1.16418 |
| n = 19 | 40 | 7 | 34/29 | 1.17241 |
| n = 21 | 44 | 7 | 114/97 | 1.17526 |
| n = 25 | 52 | 7 | 46/39 | 1.17949 |
| n = 27 | 56 | 7 | 150/127 | 1.18110 |
| n = 31 | 64 | 7 | 58/49 | 1.18367 |
| n = 33 | 68 | 7 | 186/157 | 1.18471 |
| n = 37 | 76 | 7 | 70/59 | 1.18644 |
| n = 39 | 80 | 7 | 222/187 | 1.18717 |
| n = 43 | 88 | 7 | 82/69 | 1.18841 |
| n = 45 | 92 | 7 | 258/217 | 1.18894 |
| n = 49 | 100 | 7 | 94/79 | 1.18987 |
| n = 51 | 104 | 7 | 294/247 | 1.19028 |
| n = 55 | 112 | 7 | 106/89 | 1.19101 |
| n = 57 | 116 | 7 | 330/277 | 1.19134 |
| n = 61 | 124 | 7 | 118/99 | 1.19192 |
| n = 63 | 128 | 7 | 366/307 | 1.19218 |
| n = 67 | 136 | 7 | 130/109 | 1.19266 |
| n = 69 | 140 | 7 | 402/337 | 1.19288 |
| n = 73 | 148 | 7 | 142/119 | 1.19328 |
S(3,4,n) (23 plotted members)
| parameter | |E| | rank | Ref | ≈ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 8 | 18 | 9 | 8/7 | 1.14286 |
| n = 10 | 22 | 9 | 7/6 | 1.16667 |
| n = 14 | 30 | 9 | 44/37 | 1.18919 |
| n = 16 | 34 | 9 | 104/87 | 1.19540 |
| n = 20 | 42 | 9 | 136/113 | 1.20354 |
| n = 22 | 46 | 9 | 76/63 | 1.20635 |
| n = 26 | 54 | 9 | 23/19 | 1.21053 |
| n = 28 | 58 | 9 | 40/33 | 1.21212 |
| n = 32 | 66 | 9 | 232/191 | 1.21466 |
| n = 34 | 70 | 9 | 62/51 | 1.21569 |
| n = 38 | 78 | 9 | 28/23 | 1.21739 |
| n = 40 | 82 | 9 | 296/243 | 1.21811 |
| n = 44 | 90 | 9 | 328/269 | 1.21933 |
| n = 46 | 94 | 9 | 172/141 | 1.21986 |
| n = 50 | 102 | 9 | 94/77 | 1.22078 |
| n = 52 | 106 | 9 | 392/321 | 1.22118 |
| n = 56 | 114 | 9 | 424/347 | 1.22190 |
| n = 58 | 118 | 9 | 11/9 | 1.22222 |
| n = 62 | 126 | 9 | 236/193 | 1.22280 |
| n = 64 | 130 | 9 | 488/399 | 1.22306 |
| n = 68 | 138 | 9 | 104/85 | 1.22353 |
| n = 70 | 142 | 9 | 268/219 | 1.22374 |
| n = 74 | 150 | 9 | 71/58 | 1.22414 |